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Illustration of Zombi (Haitian)
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
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Zombi (Haitian)

Ook bekend as: zonbi, zombie, zombi corps cadavre
Volksverhale en mitesOndoodSkuifelTowery1500 tot 1899

The zombi of Haitian folklore is a dead or seemingly dead person taken from the grave by a sorcerer and kept as a slave without will. The word comes from Central African languages, and the belief was shaped by the plantation slavery of colonial Haiti, where death was supposed to be the one escape from forced labour. Researchers have proposed drugs, mental illness and mistaken identity to explain reported cases, and none of these accounts is settled. This figure, a body that works and obeys but is no longer a person, is the origin of the word and the concept behind every later zombie.12

Veg daarteen
Eerste opgeteken
1750
The word is first recorded in English in the 18th century; the belief took shape in colonial Saint-Domingue under slavery
Oorsprong
Haitian (Vodou folklore)
Haïti
Wat dit veroorsaak
Towery
A sorcerer (bokor) either raises a buried body by necromancy or captures the part of the soul that carries will and memory, leaving a controllable shell.
Hoe jy een word
A bokor makes the victim appear to die, takes the body from the grave at night and holds its ti bon anj, the seat of will and personality.
Hoe dit beweeg
Skuifel
Described as walking in a shambling, detached way with the head lowered and a fixed stare.
Intelligensie
Breinloos
Swak plekke
  • salt or salt water, which is said to wake it or release it
  • preventive burial: laying the corpse face down, filling the mouth with earth or sewing the lips shut
  • sesame seeds scattered on the grave to keep the spirit counting

Wanneer het dit eerste verskyn?

Antieke wêreldMiddeleeue1500 tot 18991900 tot 19671968 tot 19992000 tot 20092010 tot vandag1750

The word is first recorded in English in the 18th century; the belief took shape in colonial Saint-Domingue under slavery

veldnotas

Wat die bronne sê

1

It has no will, memory or emotion and exists to work: in fields, or hired out to others12

2

Vodou priests (houngan and mambo) are held to oppose the bokor, who 'serves with both hands'12

3

A second kind, the zombi astral, is a captured soul without a body, kept in a bottle12

4

Haitians recognise a zombi by its nasal voice, fixed stare, lowered head and repetitive, purposeless movements12

5

The tradition expresses a fear of becoming a zombi, a slave even after death, more than a fear of zombis themselves12

6

William Seabrook's The Magic Island (1929) carried the idea to American readers and influenced the film White Zombie (1932)12

Sou jy hom kon uithardloop?

Spoedklas volgens hoe die bronne dit beskryf (skuifel), nie 'n meting nie.

Zombi (Haitian) omtrent 3 km/h (1.9 mph)
Jy, stap omtrent 5 km/h (3.1 mph)
Jy, draf omtrent 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
'n Fikse volwassene wat naelloop omtrent 24 km/h (15 mph)
'n Vinnige fietsryer omtrent 37 km/h (23 mph)

Bronne

  1. Zombie - Wikipedia
  2. Zombies - Encyclopedia.com

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Volksverhale uit dieselfde lande

Clairvius NarcisseHaitian, 1980Felicia Felix-MentorHaitian, 1937The Lancet zombi cases (FI, WD and MM)Haitian, 1997

Selfde era: 1500 tot 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732ChurelSouth Asian, 1880
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