Clairvius Narcisse

Aussi appelé: the Living Zombie

Folklore et mythesMort-vivant1968 à 1999

Clairvius Narcisse is the most famous real person claimed to have been a zombi. A Haitian man documented as dead in 1962 turned up alive eighteen years later saying he had been drugged, buried, exhumed and enslaved. The ethnobotanist Wade Davis built a pharmacological theory of zombification around the case, which toxicologists have largely rejected. Whatever happened to him, his story shaped how the outside world has imagined the Haitian zombi ever since.1 2

L'affronter

Première mention

1980

Reappeared in 1980, claiming to have been buried in 1962

Origine

Haitian

Haïti

Ce qui le provoque

Autre

By his own account a bokor took his soul; Wade Davis proposed poisoning with a tetrodotoxin powder followed by doses of datura.

Comment on en devient un

He said he was conscious but paralysed through his burial, then dug up and put to forced labour.

Quand est-il apparu pour la première fois ?

Monde antique Moyen Âge 1500 à 1899 1900 à 1967 1968 à 1999 2000 à 2009 2010 à aujourd'hui

1980

Reappeared in 1980, claiming to have been buried in 1962

notes de terrain

Ce que disent les sources

Born 1922 in L'Estère; pronounced dead at the Schweitzer Hospital in Deschapelles in May 1962 and buried1 2

In 1980 he approached his sister and identified himself by a childhood nickname1 2

He said he had worked on a sugar plantation for two years until the bokor died1 2

A brother with whom he had quarrelled over land was suspected of ordering it1 2

Toxicologists Kao and Yasumoto called the tetrodotoxin claim 'without factual foundation'1 2

His story was the basis of The Serpent and the Rainbow (1988)1 2

Sources

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Du folklore des mêmes contrées

Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750

Felicia Felix-MentorHaitian, 1937

The Lancet zombi cases (FI, WD and MM)Haitian, 1997