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Hortlak

Detto anche: hortdan, xortdan, cadı, obur
Folklore e mitiNon mortoDal 1500 al 1899

Hortlak is the everyday Turkish word for a dead person who climbs back out of the grave. Ottoman judges and muftis were asked to rule on such cases from at least the 16th century and authorised staking or burning the bodies, much as Christian authorities did in the Balkans. Related figures appear among the Azerbaijanis (xortdan) and Tatars. The tradition shows that the walking-corpse panic of south-eastern Europe was shared across the religious frontier.12

Combatterlo
Prima attestazione
1550
Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century
Origine
Turkish and wider Turkic
Turchia, Azerbaigian
Cosa lo causa
Mai spiegato
The dead person does not stay dead; Ottoman usage often attributes this to the deceased having been a witch (cadı).
Come lo si diventa
A corpse that fails to decay in the grave, often that of a reputed witch or sorcerer.
Intelligenza
Un po' di intelligenza
Punti deboli
  • a stake through the heart or body
  • burning
  • decapitation
  • quicklime poured on the corpse
  • throwing the body into a river

Quando è comparso per la prima volta?

Mondo anticoMedioevoDal 1500 al 1899Dal 1900 al 1967Dal 1968 al 1999Dal 2000 al 2009Dal 2010 a oggi1550

Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century

appunti sul campo

Cosa dicono le fonti

1

The name comes from the Turkish verb hortlamak, to come up out of the grave12

2

The traveller Evliya Çelebi defined obur as witches, sorcerers and those who rise from their graves12

3

Ottoman fatwas permitted exhuming and destroying corpses that returned to trouble the living12

4

Risen cadıs were blamed for throwing stones, moving objects and possessing animals12

5

In 1826 former Janissaries at Tırnova were publicly branded as risen dead, a case historians read as political12

Fonti

  1. Hortdan - Wikipedia
  2. Vampires in Turkish Culture - KÜRE Encyclopedia

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Folklore delle stesse terre

MhachkayTatar and wider Turkic, 1833ÖrekTurkic (Tatar, Bashkir, Turkish, Azerbaijani)

Stessa epoca: Dal 1500 al 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
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