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Illustration of Upiór
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
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Upiór

別名: upyr, upir, vupyr, wąpierz, upír
伝承と神話アンデッド呪い中世

Upiór is the Polish form of the old East and West Slavic name for a corpse that leaves its grave, a close relative of the word 'vampire'. In village belief it is less an aristocratic bloodsucker than a decaying neighbour who suffocates sleepers, kills livestock and sometimes just comes home to work. Apotropaic burials across Poland and Ukraine, with severed heads, nailed bodies and objects in the mouth, reflect the measures taken against it. It is the eastern European walking dead in its original, pre-literary form.12

戦う
最古の記録
1100
The 'Word of Saint Grigoriy', dated between the 11th and 13th centuries, mentions offerings to upyri
起源
Slavic
ポーランド, ウクライナ, ベラルーシ, ロシア
原因
呪い
Sudden or cursed deaths, suicide, improper burial, an animal jumping over the corpse, or being killed by another upiór could all produce one.
なり方
People marked as different in life, such as redheads, the left-handed, those born with teeth or of another faith, were suspected in advance; a second soul or heart was said to stay behind and move the body.
知能
多少の知能あり
弱点
  • beheading, with the head placed between the legs
  • nailing the corpse to the coffin or burying it face down
  • burning
  • poppy seeds or knotted nets in the grave to keep it occupied
  • hawthorn, blackthorn or wild rose in the coffin
  • cockcrow

最初に登場したのはいつ？

古代世界中世1500～1899年1900～1967年1968～1999年2000～2009年2010年～現在1100

The 'Word of Saint Grigoriy', dated between the 11th and 13th centuries, mentions offerings to upyri

フィールドノート

出典の記述

1

Often described as having two hearts and two souls12

2

Tears victims apart with great strength, drinks blood and can kill with its breath or scream12

3

Dead spouses were said to come home and carry on with their old household chores12

4

Signs in the corpse: no rigor mortis, a flushed face, blood under the nails12

5

Caught out at dawn, it turns into black tar12

6

Human and cattle plagues were blamed on it, and suspected graves were opened12

出典

  1. Upi%C3%B3r - Wikipedia
  2. Vampire folklore by region - Wikipedia

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同じ土地の伝承

NachzehrerGerman, 1800StrzygaPolish and Silesian, 1863Johannes CuntiusSilesian (German), 1582Pień padlocked burialPolish, 1650Shoemaker of BreslauSilesian (German), 1591Zalozhnye pokoinikiEast Slavic (Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian)

同じ時代：中世

DraugrNorse, 1250VetalaHindu (Indian), 1070GlámrNorse (Icelandic saga), 1300Revenant (medieval England)Medieval English, 1100AsvithNorse (Danish chronicle and Icelandic saga), 1200Berwick revenantMedieval English / Scottish borders, 1198
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