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Illustration of Kodukäija
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
Fayilo Na. 054 mwa 446

Kodukäija

Imadziwikanso kuti: kodukäijad, home-wanderer, Estonian revenant
Nthano ndi zikhulupiriroWakufa wamoyoZimasiyanaImfa kapena maliro oipa1500 mpaka 1899

The kodukäija is the restless dead of Estonian folk belief, a deceased person who returns to the farm outside the sanctioned autumn 'time of souls'. It ranges from a worried parent checking on children to a hostile corpse that wrestles travellers by moonlight and kills livestock. Estonian funerals carried a whole apparatus against it, from sweeping away the mourners' footprints to burying the body face down. It is the Baltic-Finnic counterpart of the Scandinavian gjenganger and the German Wiedergänger, and it remained a living belief into the 20th century.12

Amenyane!
Inalembedwa koyamba
1860
Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older
Kochokera
Estonian
Estonia
Chimayambitsa
Imfa kapena maliro oipa
Folklorist Eha Viluoja traces most returns to a flaw in the passage out of life: a violent or lonely death, a botched or missing funeral, or the dead person's last wishes being ignored.
Momwe umasandukira zombie
Spiteful people, suspected witches, misers, the murdered, and anyone buried carelessly or mourned too hard were expected to 'walk home'.
Momwe imayendera
Zimasiyana
Usually walks, with a normal or a bobbing gait, in its own likeness or grave clothes; it can also come as a dog, cat or other animal, or as a moving haystack, sack or whirlwind.
Nzeru
Nzeru pang'ono
Malo ofooka
  • wolves, which were held to be as deadly to it as lightning
  • a beating with a rowan or juniper stick or a nine-knotted whip
  • a silver bullet or quicksilver
  • crosses, knives, salt or flax seed at thresholds and gates
  • binding or crippling the corpse, or burying it face down
  • a cock's crow, which halts it for the night

Inaoneka liti koyamba?

Dziko lakaleNyengo Zapakati1500 mpaka 18991900 mpaka 19671968 mpaka 19992000 mpaka 20092010 mpaka lero1860

Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older

zolemba za kumunda

Zimene magwero akunena

1

The name means 'home-walker': a dead person who comes home at the wrong time12

2

It is cold to the touch and can pinch, strike, scratch or try to strangle12

3

It lets cattle loose, rumbles in the loft and imitates the sounds of work12

4

Dogs with spots over the eyes ('four-eyed' dogs) can see it12

5

The Estonian Folklore Archives hold about 3,600 records of it, seven times more than for the ordinary autumn visit of ancestral souls12

6

Viluoja notes that blood-drinking, vampire-type dead are not part of the Estonian tradition12

Ukanatha kuithawa?

Gulu la liwiro malinga ndi momwe magwero amaifotokozera (zimasiyana), osati muyeso.

Iwe, ukuyenda pafupifupi 5 km/h (3.1 mph)
Iwe, ukuthamanga pang'onopang'ono pafupifupi 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Kodukäija pafupifupi 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Munthu wamkulu wamphamvu akuthamanga kwambiri pafupifupi 24 km/h (15 mph)
Woyendetsa njinga wothamanga pafupifupi 37 km/h (23 mph)

Magwero

  1. Eha Viluoja, 'Manifestations of the Revenant in Estonian Folk Tradition', Folklore 2
  2. Eha Viluoja, 'Relations Between the Living and the Dead in Estonian Folk Religion', Folklore 4

Mfundo iliyonse patsamba lino ikuchokera ku magwero awa, yolembedwa m'mawu athu. Waona cholakwika? Tiuze pa [email protected].

Dyetsa khamu. Palibe zotsatsa, palibe zokuzonda, zolipiridwa ndi munthu mmodzi. Ndalama yothokoza imaisunga pa intaneti.Siya ndalama yothokoza

Nyengo yomweyo: 1500 mpaka 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
Dyetsa khamuSiya ndalama yothokoza