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Illustration of Umkhovu
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Umkhovu

Imadziwikanso kuti: imikhovu, esemkofu, esimkovu

The umkhovu is the Zulu form of the witch's zombie: a body taken from the grave, revived by magic and kept as a familiar. Its tongue is removed so that it cannot speak. Colonial-era writers recorded the belief in the 1870s, half a century before The Magic Island popularised the Haitian zombi. It belongs to the same family as the zombie beliefs reported from South Africa in the late 20th century.1

Amenyane!
Inalembedwa koyamba
1875
Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)
Kochokera
Zulu
South Africa
Chimayambitsa
Ufiti
A witch or wizard digs up a corpse and brings it back to life as a familiar.
Momwe umasandukira zombie
A dead person exhumed and revived by a witch.
Nzeru
Wopanda nzeru

Inaoneka liti koyamba?

Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)

zolemba za kumunda

Zimene magwero akunena

1

The Zulu word means an exhumed corpse revived as a witch's servant1

2

The witch cuts out its tongue, so that it can only make a wailing sound1

3

English writers of the 19th century rendered the plural as 'Esemkofu'1

4

H. Rider Haggard used them in his Zulu novel Nada (1895), haunting a 'Ghost Mountain'1

5

The Dictionary of South African English records the term from 1875 to 19251

Magwero

  1. Esemkofu - Dictionary of South African English

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