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Illustration of Hortlak
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
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Hortlak

Rinonziwo: hortdan, xortdan, cadı, obur
Ngano nezvitendero zvekareVakafa vakamuka1500 kusvika 1899

Hortlak is the everyday Turkish word for a dead person who climbs back out of the grave. Ottoman judges and muftis were asked to rule on such cases from at least the 16th century and authorised staking or burning the bodies, much as Christian authorities did in the Balkans. Related figures appear among the Azerbaijanis (xortdan) and Tatars. The tradition shows that the walking-corpse panic of south-eastern Europe was shared across the religious frontier.12

Ita hondo
Kutanga kunyorwa
1550
Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century
Kwakabva
Turkish and wider Turkic
Turkey, Azerbaijan
Chikonzero chacho
Hazvina kumbotsanangurwa
The dead person does not stay dead; Ottoman usage often attributes this to the deceased having been a witch (cadı).
Kuti munhu anova zombie sei
A corpse that fails to decay in the grave, often that of a reputed witch or sorcerer.
Njere
Njere shoma
Utera
  • a stake through the heart or body
  • burning
  • decapitation
  • quicklime poured on the corpse
  • throwing the body into a river

Rakatanga kuoneka riini?

Nyika yekareNguva dzepakati1500 kusvika 18991900 kusvika 19671968 kusvika 19992000 kusvika 20092010 kusvika nhasi1550

Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century

zvinyorwa zvemumunda

Zvinotaurwa nezvinyorwa

1

The name comes from the Turkish verb hortlamak, to come up out of the grave12

2

The traveller Evliya Çelebi defined obur as witches, sorcerers and those who rise from their graves12

3

Ottoman fatwas permitted exhuming and destroying corpses that returned to trouble the living12

4

Risen cadıs were blamed for throwing stones, moving objects and possessing animals12

5

In 1826 former Janissaries at Tırnova were publicly branded as risen dead, a case historians read as political12

Zvinyorwa

  1. Hortdan - Wikipedia
  2. Vampires in Turkish Culture - KÜRE Encyclopedia

Chokwadi chese chiri papeji iyi chinobva muzvinyorwa izvi, chakanyorwa nemazwi edu. Waona chikanganiso? Tiudze pa [email protected].

Fudza mhomho. Hapana zvishambadzo, hapana zvinoteverera, inobhadharwa nemunhu mumwe chete. Chipo chemari chinoita kuti irambe iri paindaneti.Siya chipo chemari

Ngano dzekunyika dzimwe chete

MhachkayTatar and wider Turkic, 1833ÖrekTurkic (Tatar, Bashkir, Turkish, Azerbaijani)

Nguva imwe chete: 1500 kusvika 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
Fudza mhomhoSiya chipo chemari