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Illustration of Nyongo working dead
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
Faira nhamba 072 pa 446

Nyongo working dead

Rinonziwo: nyongo, ekongi, kupe, Mount Kupe zombies
Ngano nezvitendero zvekareVakafa vakamukaUroyi1900 kusvika 1967

Nyongo is a Cameroonian witchcraft belief in which the newly rich are suspected of killing their kin by occult means and putting them to work as the living dead. The victims toil unseen on Mount Kupe, in Bakossi country, to build their owner's fortune. Anthropologists link the belief to colonial plantation agriculture and, later, to economic crisis. It is one of the best-studied African parallels to the Haitian zombi, and like it turns on the theft of a dead person's labour.123

Ita hondo
Kutanga kunyorwa
1950
Legends current from around the Second World War; first described by the anthropologist Edwin Ardener in the 1950s
Kwakabva
Cameroonian (Bakweri, Bakossi and neighbouring peoples)
Cameroon
Chikonzero chacho
Uroyi
Members of a secret witch society are believed to 'sell' relatives, who seem to die but are taken from the grave to work.
Kuti munhu anova zombie sei
A nyongo member makes a relative appear to die, then removes the person from the grave.
Njere
Risina njere
Utera
  • witch-finding: villages paid the witch-hunter Obasi Njom to cleanse them
  • suspected members were beheaded or buried face down so they would not rise as ekongi

Rakatanga kuoneka riini?

Nyika yekareNguva dzepakati1500 kusvika 18991900 kusvika 19671968 kusvika 19992000 kusvika 20092010 kusvika nhasi1950

Legends current from around the Second World War; first described by the anthropologist Edwin Ardener in the 1950s

zvinyorwa zvemumunda

Zvinotaurwa nezvinyorwa

1

The victims' labour is said to make their owner rich123

2

Dead rats were said to be laid under the 'corpse' to hasten the burial123

3

Tin roofs were taken as a sign of membership, which for a time discouraged people from building modern houses123

4

Children were warned not to pick up coins from the ground, which might be bait123

5

Accusations rose sharply after the economic crisis of the late 1980s123

6

A 1992 road accident that killed schoolchildren was blamed on a headmaster 'giving' them to the society123

Zvinyorwa

  1. Nyongo society - Wikipedia
  2. Vivian Besem Ojong, 'The Working-Dead in Nyongo Occult Economy in Cameroonian Society', Journal of Dharma 37 (2012)
  3. Zombies - Encyclopedia.com

Chokwadi chese chiri papeji iyi chinobva muzvinyorwa izvi, chakanyorwa nemazwi edu. Waona chikanganiso? Tiudze pa [email protected].

Fudza mhomho. Hapana zvishambadzo, hapana zvinoteverera, inobhadharwa nemunhu mumwe chete. Chipo chemari chinoita kuti irambe iri paindaneti.Siya chipo chemari

Nguva imwe chete: 1900 kusvika 1967

AmalanhigVisayan (Philippines), 1967Felicia Felix-MentorHaitian, 1937
Fudza mhomhoSiya chipo chemari