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Illustration of Umkhovu
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
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Umkhovu

Rinonziwo: imikhovu, esemkofu, esimkovu
Ngano nezvitendero zvekareVakafa vakamukaUroyi1500 kusvika 1899

The umkhovu is the Zulu form of the witch's zombie: a body taken from the grave, revived by magic and kept as a familiar. Its tongue is removed so that it cannot speak. Colonial-era writers recorded the belief in the 1870s, half a century before The Magic Island popularised the Haitian zombi. It belongs to the same family as the zombie beliefs reported from South Africa in the late 20th century.1

Ita hondo
Kutanga kunyorwa
1875
Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)
Kwakabva
Zulu
South Africa
Chikonzero chacho
Uroyi
A witch or wizard digs up a corpse and brings it back to life as a familiar.
Kuti munhu anova zombie sei
A dead person exhumed and revived by a witch.
Njere
Risina njere

Rakatanga kuoneka riini?

Nyika yekareNguva dzepakati1500 kusvika 18991900 kusvika 19671968 kusvika 19992000 kusvika 20092010 kusvika nhasi1875

Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)

zvinyorwa zvemumunda

Zvinotaurwa nezvinyorwa

1

The Zulu word means an exhumed corpse revived as a witch's servant1

2

The witch cuts out its tongue, so that it can only make a wailing sound1

3

English writers of the 19th century rendered the plural as 'Esemkofu'1

4

H. Rider Haggard used them in his Zulu novel Nada (1895), haunting a 'Ghost Mountain'1

5

The Dictionary of South African English records the term from 1875 to 19251

Zvinyorwa

  1. Esemkofu - Dictionary of South African English

Chokwadi chese chiri papeji iyi chinobva muzvinyorwa izvi, chakanyorwa nemazwi edu. Waona chikanganiso? Tiudze pa [email protected].

Fudza mhomho. Hapana zvishambadzo, hapana zvinoteverera, inobhadharwa nemunhu mumwe chete. Chipo chemari chinoita kuti irambe iri paindaneti.Siya chipo chemari

Ngano dzekunyika dzimwe chete

South African witchcraft zombieSouth African (Tsonga, Sotho, Venda)

Nguva imwe chete: 1500 kusvika 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
Fudza mhomhoSiya chipo chemari