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Illustration of Nachzehrer — Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.

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Nachzehrer

Pia huitwa: Nachtzehrer, shroud eater

Ngano na hadithi za kaleWafuHasongi kabisaKifo au maziko mabaya1500 hadi 1899

The Nachzehrer is the German shroud-eater, a corpse that kills without getting up. By chewing its grave clothes it was thought to drag its surviving relatives after it one by one, by malice or simply from wanting company. The belief gave communities a reason to open graves during outbreaks of disease and helped shape learned debate about the 'masticating dead' in the 18th century. It represents the stationary end of the revenant spectrum, where the corpse is dangerous but does not walk.1 2

Ilirekodiwa kwanza

1800

The word dates from the 19th century; the belief is several centuries older

Asili

German

Ujerumani, Poland

Nini husababisha

Kifo au maziko mabaya

Folk explanations blame mistakes at burial, such as giving the dead some of the living's own belongings.

Jinsi unavyokuwa mmoja

Burying a person with grave goods taken from the living, or with their name still on the burial clothes, was thought to risk it.

Jinsi anavyosogea

Hasongi kabisa

It need not leave the grave at all: lying there, it chews its shroud and draws the life out of its kin at a distance.

Akili

Akili kiasi

Ilionekana lini kwanza?

Dunia ya kale Zama za Kati 1500 hadi 1899 1900 hadi 1967 1968 hadi 1999 2000 hadi 2009 2010 hadi leo

1800

The word dates from the 19th century; the belief is several centuries older

maelezo ya uwandani

Vyanzo vinasema nini

1

The name means roughly 'after-devourer'1 2

2

It gnaws its own shroud and clothing, which was treated as the commonest sign1 2

3

Other signs on exhumation: open eyes or mouth, red lips, a soft body, a thumb clasped in the opposite hand1 2

4

Often, though not always, blamed for epidemics1 2

5

Belief centred on northern Germany, with reports from Silesia and Bavaria1 2

6

Michael Ranft devoted a 1734 treatise to the 'chewing and smacking of the dead in their graves'1 2

Vyanzo

Kila ukweli kwenye ukurasa huu unatoka kwenye vyanzo hivi, umeandikwa kwa maneno yetu wenyewe. Umeona kosa? Tuambie kupitia [email protected].

Lisha kundi la zombi. Hakuna matangazo, hakuna vifuatiliaji, analipia mtu mmoja. Bakshishi huiweka tovuti hewani.Acha bakshishi

Ngano kutoka nchi hizo hizo

StrzygaPolish and Silesian, 1863

UpiórSlavic, 1100

Pień padlocked burialPolish, 1650

Shoemaker of BreslauSilesian (German), 1591

WiedergängerGerman

AufhockerGerman

Enzi hiyo hiyo: 1500 hadi 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789

Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750

StrigoiRomanian, 1714

Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725

AbhartachIrish, 1870

Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732

Lisha kundi la zombiAcha bakshishi