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Illustration of Kodukäija
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
Faele Nom. 054 ya 446

Kodukäija

Gape e bidiwa: kodukäijad, home-wanderer, Estonian revenant
Dinaane tsa setso le ditlhamaneBaswi ba ba tsogilengGo a farologanaLoso kgotsa phitlho e e sa siamang1500 go ya go 1899

The kodukäija is the restless dead of Estonian folk belief, a deceased person who returns to the farm outside the sanctioned autumn 'time of souls'. It ranges from a worried parent checking on children to a hostile corpse that wrestles travellers by moonlight and kills livestock. Estonian funerals carried a whole apparatus against it, from sweeping away the mourners' footprints to burying the body face down. It is the Baltic-Finnic counterpart of the Scandinavian gjenganger and the German Wiedergänger, and it remained a living belief into the 20th century.12

Di lwantshe
E kwadilwe la ntlha
1860
Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older
Tshimologo
Estonian
Estonia
Se se e bakang
Loso kgotsa phitlho e e sa siamang
Folklorist Eha Viluoja traces most returns to a flaw in the passage out of life: a violent or lonely death, a botched or missing funeral, or the dead person's last wishes being ignored.
O fetoga yone jang
Spiteful people, suspected witches, misers, the murdered, and anyone buried carelessly or mourned too hard were expected to 'walk home'.
E tsamaya jang
Go a farologana
Usually walks, with a normal or a bobbing gait, in its own likeness or grave clothes; it can also come as a dog, cat or other animal, or as a moving haystack, sack or whirlwind.
Botlhale
Botlhale bo bonnye
Bokoa
  • wolves, which were held to be as deadly to it as lightning
  • a beating with a rowan or juniper stick or a nine-knotted whip
  • a silver bullet or quicksilver
  • crosses, knives, salt or flax seed at thresholds and gates
  • binding or crippling the corpse, or burying it face down
  • a cock's crow, which halts it for the night

E tlhagile la ntlha leng?

Lefatshe la bogologoloMotlha wa Bogare1500 go ya go 18991900 go ya go 19671968 go ya go 19992000 go ya go 20092010 go fitlha gompieno1860

Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older

dikwalo tsa patlisiso

Se metswedi e se buang

1

The name means 'home-walker': a dead person who comes home at the wrong time12

2

It is cold to the touch and can pinch, strike, scratch or try to strangle12

3

It lets cattle loose, rumbles in the loft and imitates the sounds of work12

4

Dogs with spots over the eyes ('four-eyed' dogs) can see it12

5

The Estonian Folklore Archives hold about 3,600 records of it, seven times more than for the ordinary autumn visit of ancestral souls12

6

Viluoja notes that blood-drinking, vampire-type dead are not part of the Estonian tradition12

A o ka e siela kgakala?

Setlhopha sa bonako go ya ka fa metswedi e e tlhalosang ka teng (go a farologana), e seng tekanyo.

Wena, o tsamaya mo e ka nnang 5 km/h (3.1 mph)
Wena, o taboga ka iketlo mo e ka nnang 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Kodukäija mo e ka nnang 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Motho yo mogolo yo o itekanetseng a siana thata mo e ka nnang 24 km/h (15 mph)
Mopalami wa baesekele yo o bonako mo e ka nnang 37 km/h (23 mph)

Metswedi

  1. Eha Viluoja, 'Manifestations of the Revenant in Estonian Folk Tradition', Folklore 2
  2. Eha Viluoja, 'Relations Between the Living and the Dead in Estonian Folk Religion', Folklore 4

Ntlha nngwe le nngwe mo tsebeng e e tswa mo metsweding e, e kwadilwe ka mafoko a rona. O bone phoso? Re bolelele kwa [email protected].

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Motlha o o tshwanang: 1500 go ya go 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
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