The Lancet zombi cases (FI, WD and MM)

Ikwabizwa ngokuba: Littlewood and Douyon cases

Iintsomi zemveli namabali amanduloIvuswe ekufeniIyarhuqa1968 ukuya ku-1999

In 1997 a British anthropologist-psychiatrist and a Haitian physician published the only clinical study of people identified in Haiti as zombis. They examined three individuals whose families said they had died and been buried years earlier. All three had psychiatric or neurological conditions, and genetic testing showed that at least two were strangers taken in by bereaved families. The paper remains the main medical evidence that the living zombi is a social diagnosis applied to vulnerable, wandering people.1 2

Yiphose edabini

Yabhalwa okokuqala

1997

Published by Roland Littlewood and Chavannes Douyon in The Lancet, 1997

Imvelaphi

Haitian

IHaiti

Oko kuyibangelayo

Okunye

Families attributed each case to sorcery; the investigators diagnosed mental illness, brain damage and learning disability, with mistaken identity in two cases.

Indlela umntu aba yiyo ngayo

Each had died young after a short illness, been buried, and was 'recognised' by relatives years later.

Indlela ehamba ngayo

Iyarhuqa

One was noticed walking through a market in a detached, shambling manner.

Yavela nini okokuqala?

Ihlabathi lamandulo Amaxesha Aphakathi 1500 ukuya ku-1899 1900 ukuya ku-1967 1968 ukuya ku-1999 2000 ukuya ku-2009 2010 ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje

1997

Published by Roland Littlewood and Chavannes Douyon in The Lancet, 1997

amanqaku ophando

Oko kuthethwa yimithombo

FI, a woman buried beside her house, was identified three years later wandering near her village1 2

WD, dead at 18, was identified by his family at a cockfight eight years after his burial1 2

MM was seen in a town market thirteen years after her death at 181 2

Examination with EEG and CT scans found catatonic schizophrenia, epilepsy with brain damage, and a developmental learning disability1 2

DNA and fingerprint tests showed that two of the three were not the dead relatives at all1 2

The authors did find tetrodotoxin in samples of bokors' powder, but thought misidentification the likelier general explanation1 2

Ungayigqitha ngokubaleka?

Udidi lwesantya ngokwendlela imithombo eyichaza ngayo (iyarhuqa), asingomlinganiselo.

The Lancet zombi cases (FI, WD and MM) malunga ne-3 km/h (1.9 mph)

Wena, uhamba malunga ne-5 km/h (3.1 mph)

Wena, ujoga malunga ne-10 km/h (6.2 mph)

Umntu omdala osempilweni ebaleka ngamandla malunga ne-24 km/h (15 mph)

Umkhweli webhayisikile okhawulezayo malunga ne-37 km/h (23 mph)

Imithombo

Yonke inyaniso ekweli phepha ivela kule mithombo, ibhalwe ngamazwi ethu. Ubone impazamo? Sixelele ku-[email protected].

Yondla umkhosi. Akukho zintengiso, akukho zilandeli, ihlawulelwa ngumntu omnye. Ithiphu iyigcina ikwi-intanethi.Shiya ithiphu

Iintsomi zemveli ezivela kumazwe afanayo

Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750

Clairvius NarcisseHaitian, 1980

Felicia Felix-MentorHaitian, 1937