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Illustration of Revenant (medieval England)
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
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Revenant (medieval England)

Wɔfrɛ no bio: revenant, walking dead
Tete nsɛm ne anansesɛmAwufoɔ a wɔnantewƐsesaOwuo bɔne anaa ayie a ɛnkɔɔ yieMfinimfini Mmerɛ

Twelfth-century English chroniclers, among them Geoffrey of Burton, Walter Map and William of Newburgh, record a cluster of cases in which a buried corpse walked at night and brought death to its neighbours. The stories are told as recent local news, with named bishops and archdeacons called in to rule on them. The remedies, digging up the body and beheading, burning or absolving it, are the same ones later used against vampires in central Europe. Scholars read these revenants as the product of a failed death, a person stuck between the living and the dead who has to be forcibly moved on.12

Fa ko
Wɔdii kan kyerɛw
1100
Geoffrey of Burton's account of events around 1090, written in the early 12th century
Mfiase
Medieval English
United Kingdom
Deɛ ɛde ba
Owuo bɔne anaa ayie a ɛnkɔɔ yie
Clerical writers tie the return to a 'bad death': a sinful or excommunicate life, or dying suddenly without confession and last rites.
Sɛnea wobɛdane bi
A person of bad reputation dies unshriven or excommunicate and is buried, but the body does not stay down.
Sɛnea ɛkeka ne ho
Ɛsesa
The corpse leaves its grave at night, roams streets and houses, often with dogs barking after it, and is back in the tomb by dawn.
Nyansa
Nyansa kakra
Mmerɛwyɛ
  • decapitation
  • removing and burning the heart
  • dismembering and cremating the body
  • a bishop's written absolution laid on the corpse
  • holy water

Ɛberɛ bɛn na ɛdii kan puee?

Tete wiaseMfinimfini Mmerɛ1500 kɔsi 18991900 kɔsi 19671968 kɔsi 19992000 kɔsi 20092010 kɔsi ɛnnɛ1100

Geoffrey of Burton's account of events around 1090, written in the early 12th century

nhwehwɛmu nsɛm

Deɛ fibea no ka

1

The chroniclers describe intact, sometimes blood-filled bodies, not apparitions12

2

Its presence corrupts the air and is blamed for epidemics12

3

William of Newburgh thought the cases were a recent phenomenon and too numerous to list12

4

Bishops disagreed over the cure: Hugh of Lincoln preferred absolution to burning12

5

Later accounts, such as a Clydesdale case in the Lanercost chronicle, show the belief persisting unevenly12

Wobɛtumi atu mmirika aboro no?

Ahoɔhare kuo a efi sɛnea fibea kyerɛkyerɛ mu (ɛsesa), ɛnyɛ susudua.

Wo, nantew bɛyɛ 5 km/h (3.1 mph)
Wo, mmirika brɛoo bɛyɛ 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Revenant (medieval England) bɛyɛ 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Ɔpanin a ne ho yɛ den a ɔtu mmirika denden bɛyɛ 24 km/h (15 mph)
Sakrekafoɔ a ɔyɛ ntɛm bɛyɛ 37 km/h (23 mph)

Fibea

  1. Revenant - Wikipedia
  2. Elif Boyacıoğlu, 'The Revenant on the Threshold', Folklore 62 (2015)

Asɛm biara a ɛwɔ krataafa yi so fi saa fibea yi mu, na yɛde yɛn ankasa nsɛm na akyerɛw. Wohunuu mfomsoɔ bi? Ka kyerɛ yɛn wɔ [email protected].

Ma dɔm no aduane. Dawurubɔ nni hɔ, trackers nni hɔ, onipa baako na ɔtua ho ka. Akyɛdeɛ ma ɛkɔ so wɔ intanɛt so.Ma akyɛdeɛ

Tete nsɛm a efi nsase koro no ara so

AbhartachIrish, 1870Berwick revenantMedieval English / Scottish borders, 1198Buckinghamshire revenantMedieval English, 1198Byland Abbey revenantsMedieval English, 1400Drakelow revenantsMedieval English, 1090HaugbúiNorse, 1250

Berɛ koro: Mfinimfini Mmerɛ

DraugrNorse, 1250VetalaHindu (Indian), 1070GlámrNorse (Icelandic saga), 1300UpiórSlavic, 1100AsvithNorse (Danish chronicle and Icelandic saga), 1200HrapprNorse (Icelandic saga), 1245
Ma dɔm no aduaneMa akyɛdeɛ