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Illustration of Hortlak
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
Ficha n.º 033 de 446

Hortlak

Tamén chamado: hortdan, xortdan, cadı, obur
Folclore e mitoMorto viventeDe 1500 a 1899

Hortlak is the everyday Turkish word for a dead person who climbs back out of the grave. Ottoman judges and muftis were asked to rule on such cases from at least the 16th century and authorised staking or burning the bodies, much as Christian authorities did in the Balkans. Related figures appear among the Azerbaijanis (xortdan) and Tatars. The tradition shows that the walking-corpse panic of south-eastern Europe was shared across the religious frontier.12

Á batalla!
Primeiro rexistro
1550
Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century
Orixe
Turkish and wider Turkic
Turquía, Acerbaixán
Que o causa
Nunca se explica
The dead person does not stay dead; Ottoman usage often attributes this to the deceased having been a witch (cadı).
Como te convertes nun
A corpse that fails to decay in the grave, often that of a reputed witch or sorcerer.
Intelixencia
Algo de intelixencia
Puntos débiles
  • a stake through the heart or body
  • burning
  • decapitation
  • quicklime poured on the corpse
  • throwing the body into a river

Cando apareceu por primeira vez?

Mundo antigoIdade MediaDe 1500 a 1899De 1900 a 1967De 1968 a 1999De 2000 a 2009De 2010 ata hoxe1550

Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century

notas de campo

O que din as fontes

1

The name comes from the Turkish verb hortlamak, to come up out of the grave12

2

The traveller Evliya Çelebi defined obur as witches, sorcerers and those who rise from their graves12

3

Ottoman fatwas permitted exhuming and destroying corpses that returned to trouble the living12

4

Risen cadıs were blamed for throwing stones, moving objects and possessing animals12

5

In 1826 former Janissaries at Tırnova were publicly branded as risen dead, a case historians read as political12

Fontes

  1. Hortdan - Wikipedia
  2. Vampires in Turkish Culture - KÜRE Encyclopedia

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Folclore das mesmas terras

MhachkayTatar and wider Turkic, 1833ÖrekTurkic (Tatar, Bashkir, Turkish, Azerbaijani)

Mesma época: De 1500 a 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
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