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Illustration of Kodukäija
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
ແຟ້ມທີ 054 ຈາກ 446

Kodukäija

ຍັງເອີ້ນວ່າ: kodukäijad, home-wanderer, Estonian revenant
ນິທານພື້ນບ້ານ ແລະ ຕຳນານຜີດິບແຕກຕ່າງກັນການຕາຍ ຫຼື ການຝັງສົບທີ່ບໍ່ດີ1500 ຫາ 1899

The kodukäija is the restless dead of Estonian folk belief, a deceased person who returns to the farm outside the sanctioned autumn 'time of souls'. It ranges from a worried parent checking on children to a hostile corpse that wrestles travellers by moonlight and kills livestock. Estonian funerals carried a whole apparatus against it, from sweeping away the mourners' footprints to burying the body face down. It is the Baltic-Finnic counterpart of the Scandinavian gjenganger and the German Wiedergänger, and it remained a living belief into the 20th century.12

ສູ້ກັນເລີຍ
ບັນທຶກຄັ້ງທຳອິດ
1860
Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older
ຕົ້ນກຳເນີດ
Estonian
ເອສໂຕເນຍ
ສາເຫດມາຈາກຫຍັງ
ການຕາຍ ຫຼື ການຝັງສົບທີ່ບໍ່ດີ
Folklorist Eha Viluoja traces most returns to a flaw in the passage out of life: a violent or lonely death, a botched or missing funeral, or the dead person's last wishes being ignored.
ກາຍເປັນມັນໄດ້ແນວໃດ
Spiteful people, suspected witches, misers, the murdered, and anyone buried carelessly or mourned too hard were expected to 'walk home'.
ວິທີເຄື່ອນໄຫວ
ແຕກຕ່າງກັນ
Usually walks, with a normal or a bobbing gait, in its own likeness or grave clothes; it can also come as a dog, cat or other animal, or as a moving haystack, sack or whirlwind.
ສະຕິປັນຍາ
ມີສະຕິປັນຍາບ້າງ
ຈຸດອ່ອນ
  • wolves, which were held to be as deadly to it as lightning
  • a beating with a rowan or juniper stick or a nine-knotted whip
  • a silver bullet or quicksilver
  • crosses, knives, salt or flax seed at thresholds and gates
  • binding or crippling the corpse, or burying it face down
  • a cock's crow, which halts it for the night

ມັນປາກົດຄັ້ງທຳອິດເມື່ອໃດ?

ໂລກບູຮານຍຸກກາງ1500 ຫາ 18991900 ຫາ 19671968 ຫາ 19992000 ຫາ 20092010 ຫາ ປັດຈຸບັນ1860

Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older

ບັນທຶກພາກສະໜາມ

ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນບອກວ່າແນວໃດ

1

The name means 'home-walker': a dead person who comes home at the wrong time12

2

It is cold to the touch and can pinch, strike, scratch or try to strangle12

3

It lets cattle loose, rumbles in the loft and imitates the sounds of work12

4

Dogs with spots over the eyes ('four-eyed' dogs) can see it12

5

The Estonian Folklore Archives hold about 3,600 records of it, seven times more than for the ordinary autumn visit of ancestral souls12

6

Viluoja notes that blood-drinking, vampire-type dead are not part of the Estonian tradition12

ເຈົ້າຈະແລ່ນໜີມັນທັນບໍ່?

ລະດັບຄວາມໄວອີງຕາມຄຳບັນຍາຍຂອງແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນ (ແຕກຕ່າງກັນ), ບໍ່ແມ່ນການວັດແທກ.

ເຈົ້າ, ຍ່າງ ປະມານ 5 ກມ/ຊມ
ເຈົ້າ, ແລ່ນເບົາໆ ປະມານ 10 ກມ/ຊມ
Kodukäija ປະມານ 10 ກມ/ຊມ
ຜູ້ໃຫຍ່ທີ່ແຂງແຮງກຳລັງແລ່ນສຸດແຮງ ປະມານ 24 ກມ/ຊມ
ຄົນຂີ່ລົດຖີບໄວ ປະມານ 37 ກມ/ຊມ

ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນ

  1. Eha Viluoja, 'Manifestations of the Revenant in Estonian Folk Tradition', Folklore 2
  2. Eha Viluoja, 'Relations Between the Living and the Dead in Estonian Folk Religion', Folklore 4

ທຸກຂໍ້ເທັດຈິງໃນໜ້ານີ້ມາຈາກແຫຼ່ງເຫຼົ່ານີ້, ຂຽນດ້ວຍຄຳເວົ້າຂອງພວກເຮົາເອງ. ເຫັນຂໍ້ຜິດພາດບໍ່? ບອກພວກເຮົາທີ່ [email protected].

ລ້ຽງຝູງຊອມບີ້. ບໍ່ມີໂຄສະນາ, ບໍ່ມີຕົວຕິດຕາມ, ຄົນດຽວເປັນຜູ້ຈ່າຍ. ທິບຂອງເຈົ້າຊ່ວຍໃຫ້ມັນຢູ່ອອນລາຍຕໍ່ໄປ.ໃຫ້ທິບ

ຍຸກດຽວກັນ: 1500 ຫາ 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
ລ້ຽງຝູງຊອມບີ້ໃຫ້ທິບ