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Illustration of Lithuanian returning dead
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
Galmee Lak. 031, 446 keessaa

Lithuanian returning dead

Maqaa biraa: sugrįžtantys numirėliai, numirėlis, walking dead of Lithuania
Seenaa aadaa fi afoolaDu'aa ka'eDu'a ykn awwaalcha hamaaJaarraa Gidduugaleessaa

Lithuania kept a strong tradition of the dangerous dead long after its conversion to Christianity. Cemeteries of the 14th to 17th centuries contain bodies deliberately beheaded, dismembered or turned face down, which archaeologists connect with fear of corpses returning. Lithuanian legends collected in modern times still describe meetings with the 'walking dead', usually brought on by disrespect for a grave. The material and the stories together give a Baltic counterpart to the revenant evidence from England and Poland.12

Lolsiisi
Yeroo jalqabaaf kan galmeeffame
1350
Deviant burials of the 14th-17th centuries; legends recorded by modern folklorists
Ka'umsa
Lithuanian
Lituweeniyaa
Maaltu isa fida
Du'a ykn awwaalcha hamaa
Folklore names the untimely dead and the very sinful as those who return; the legends add that the living provoke them by disturbing remains or grave goods.
Akkamitti isa taata
An unexpected or wrongful death, a sinful life, or interference with the grave.
Beekumsa
Beekumsa muraasa
Bakkeewwan laafoo
  • decapitation of the exhumed corpse
  • burial face down or on the side
  • physical force
  • the intervention of a priest

Yoom jalqaba mul'ate?

Addunyaa duriiJaarraa Gidduugaleessaa1500 hanga 18991900 hanga 19671968 hanga 19992000 hanga 20092010 hanga har'aa1350

Deviant burials of the 14th-17th centuries; legends recorded by modern folklorists

yaadannoo dirree

Maddoonni maal jedhu

1

Archaeologist Gintautas Vėlius documented headless, limbless and prone burials in Christian-era Lithuanian cemeteries12

2

He interprets posthumous beheading as exhumation carried out from fear of the returning dead12

3

Many prone male burials contain weapons, suggesting men killed in battle12

4

In legends analysed by Edita Korzonaitė, short tales end with the living person's death and longer ones with a narrow escape12

5

Priests in the legends sometimes use methods with no obvious Christian basis12

Maddoota

  1. Gintautas Vėlius, 'Sugrįžtantys numirėliai' (Returning dead: unconventional burials in medieval Lithuania), Lietuvos istorijos studijos 25 (2010)
  2. Edita Korzonaitė, 'Human contacts with the dead: relationship of fable and reality in folklore', Tautosakos darbai 25 (2003)

Dhugaan fuula kana irra jiru hundi maddoota kana irraa dhufe, jechoota keenyaan barreeffame. Dogoggora argitee? [email protected] irratti nutti himi.

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Bara wal fakkaataa: Jaarraa Gidduugaleessaa

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