Tsiba uye kumxholo

Zombie Wiki / Zonke iizombie / Iintsomi zemveli namabali amandulo

Illustration of Nachzehrer — Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.

Ifayile No. 050 kwa-446

Nachzehrer

Ikwabizwa ngokuba: Nachtzehrer, shroud eater

Iintsomi zemveli namabali amanduloIvuswe ekufeniPhantse ayihambiUkufa okubi okanye ukungcwatywa kakubi1500 ukuya ku-1899

The Nachzehrer is the German shroud-eater, a corpse that kills without getting up. By chewing its grave clothes it was thought to drag its surviving relatives after it one by one, by malice or simply from wanting company. The belief gave communities a reason to open graves during outbreaks of disease and helped shape learned debate about the 'masticating dead' in the 18th century. It represents the stationary end of the revenant spectrum, where the corpse is dangerous but does not walk.1 2

Yiphose edabini

Yabhalwa okokuqala

1800

The word dates from the 19th century; the belief is several centuries older

Imvelaphi

German

IJamani, IPoland

Oko kuyibangelayo

Ukufa okubi okanye ukungcwatywa kakubi

Folk explanations blame mistakes at burial, such as giving the dead some of the living's own belongings.

Indlela umntu aba yiyo ngayo

Burying a person with grave goods taken from the living, or with their name still on the burial clothes, was thought to risk it.

Indlela ehamba ngayo

Phantse ayihambi

It need not leave the grave at all: lying there, it chews its shroud and draws the life out of its kin at a distance.

Ubukrelekrele

Ubukrelekrele obuthile

Yavela nini okokuqala?

Ihlabathi lamandulo Amaxesha Aphakathi 1500 ukuya ku-1899 1900 ukuya ku-1967 1968 ukuya ku-1999 2000 ukuya ku-2009 2010 ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje

1800

The word dates from the 19th century; the belief is several centuries older

amanqaku ophando

Oko kuthethwa yimithombo

1

The name means roughly 'after-devourer'1 2

2

It gnaws its own shroud and clothing, which was treated as the commonest sign1 2

3

Other signs on exhumation: open eyes or mouth, red lips, a soft body, a thumb clasped in the opposite hand1 2

4

Often, though not always, blamed for epidemics1 2

5

Belief centred on northern Germany, with reports from Silesia and Bavaria1 2

6

Michael Ranft devoted a 1734 treatise to the 'chewing and smacking of the dead in their graves'1 2

Imithombo

Yonke inyaniso ekweli phepha ivela kule mithombo, ibhalwe ngamazwi ethu. Ubone impazamo? Sixelele ku-[email protected].

Yondla umkhosi. Akukho zintengiso, akukho zilandeli, ihlawulelwa ngumntu omnye. Ithiphu iyigcina ikwi-intanethi.Shiya ithiphu

Iintsomi zemveli ezivela kumazwe afanayo

StrzygaPolish and Silesian, 1863

UpiórSlavic, 1100

Pień padlocked burialPolish, 1650

Shoemaker of BreslauSilesian (German), 1591

WiedergängerGerman

AufhockerGerman

Ixesha elinye: 1500 ukuya ku-1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789

Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750

StrigoiRomanian, 1714

Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725

AbhartachIrish, 1870

Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732

Yondla umkhosiShiya ithiphu