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Illustration of Hortlak
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
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Hortlak

Maqaa biraa: hortdan, xortdan, cadı, obur
Seenaa aadaa fi afoolaDu'aa ka'e1500 hanga 1899

Hortlak is the everyday Turkish word for a dead person who climbs back out of the grave. Ottoman judges and muftis were asked to rule on such cases from at least the 16th century and authorised staking or burning the bodies, much as Christian authorities did in the Balkans. Related figures appear among the Azerbaijanis (xortdan) and Tatars. The tradition shows that the walking-corpse panic of south-eastern Europe was shared across the religious frontier.12

Lolsiisi
Yeroo jalqabaaf kan galmeeffame
1550
Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century
Ka'umsa
Turkish and wider Turkic
Turkii, Azarbaajaan
Maaltu isa fida
Gonkumaa hin ibsamne
The dead person does not stay dead; Ottoman usage often attributes this to the deceased having been a witch (cadı).
Akkamitti isa taata
A corpse that fails to decay in the grave, often that of a reputed witch or sorcerer.
Beekumsa
Beekumsa muraasa
Bakkeewwan laafoo
  • a stake through the heart or body
  • burning
  • decapitation
  • quicklime poured on the corpse
  • throwing the body into a river

Yoom jalqaba mul'ate?

Addunyaa duriiJaarraa Gidduugaleessaa1500 hanga 18991900 hanga 19671968 hanga 19992000 hanga 20092010 hanga har'aa1550

Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century

yaadannoo dirree

Maddoonni maal jedhu

1

The name comes from the Turkish verb hortlamak, to come up out of the grave12

2

The traveller Evliya Çelebi defined obur as witches, sorcerers and those who rise from their graves12

3

Ottoman fatwas permitted exhuming and destroying corpses that returned to trouble the living12

4

Risen cadıs were blamed for throwing stones, moving objects and possessing animals12

5

In 1826 former Janissaries at Tırnova were publicly branded as risen dead, a case historians read as political12

Maddoota

  1. Hortdan - Wikipedia
  2. Vampires in Turkish Culture - KÜRE Encyclopedia

Dhugaan fuula kana irra jiru hundi maddoota kana irraa dhufe, jechoota keenyaan barreeffame. Dogoggora argitee? [email protected] irratti nutti himi.

Tuuta nyaachisi. Beeksisa hin jiru, hordoftuun hin jiru, nama tokkoon kaffalama. Gumaachi toora irra akka turu godha.Gumaacha kenni

Seenaa aadaa biyyoota wal fakkaatan irraa

MhachkayTatar and wider Turkic, 1833ÖrekTurkic (Tatar, Bashkir, Turkish, Azerbaijani)

Bara wal fakkaataa: 1500 hanga 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
Tuuta nyaachisiGumaacha kenni