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Illustration of Hortlak
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
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Hortlak

Znany też jako: hortdan, xortdan, cadı, obur
Folklor i mityNieumarłyOd 1500 do 1899

Hortlak is the everyday Turkish word for a dead person who climbs back out of the grave. Ottoman judges and muftis were asked to rule on such cases from at least the 16th century and authorised staking or burning the bodies, much as Christian authorities did in the Balkans. Related figures appear among the Azerbaijanis (xortdan) and Tatars. The tradition shows that the walking-corpse panic of south-eastern Europe was shared across the religious frontier.12

Stań do walki
Pierwsza wzmianka
1550
Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century
Pochodzenie
Turkish and wider Turkic
Turcja, Azerbejdżan
Co je wywołuje
Nigdy nie wyjaśniono
The dead person does not stay dead; Ottoman usage often attributes this to the deceased having been a witch (cadı).
Jak się nim zostaje
A corpse that fails to decay in the grave, often that of a reputed witch or sorcerer.
Inteligencja
Trochę inteligencji
Słabe punkty
  • a stake through the heart or body
  • burning
  • decapitation
  • quicklime poured on the corpse
  • throwing the body into a river

Kiedy pojawił się po raz pierwszy?

Świat starożytnyŚredniowieczeOd 1500 do 1899Od 1900 do 1967Od 1968 do 1999Od 2000 do 2009Od 2010 do dziś1550

Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century

notatki terenowe

Co mówią źródła

1

The name comes from the Turkish verb hortlamak, to come up out of the grave12

2

The traveller Evliya Çelebi defined obur as witches, sorcerers and those who rise from their graves12

3

Ottoman fatwas permitted exhuming and destroying corpses that returned to trouble the living12

4

Risen cadıs were blamed for throwing stones, moving objects and possessing animals12

5

In 1826 former Janissaries at Tırnova were publicly branded as risen dead, a case historians read as political12

Źródła

  1. Hortdan - Wikipedia
  2. Vampires in Turkish Culture - KÜRE Encyclopedia

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Folklor z tych samych stron

MhachkayTatar and wider Turkic, 1833ÖrekTurkic (Tatar, Bashkir, Turkish, Azerbaijani)

Ta sama epoka: Od 1500 do 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
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