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Illustration of Umkhovu
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
Dosiye No. 057 kuri 446

Umkhovu

Yitwa kandi: imikhovu, esemkofu, esimkovu
Imigani n'inkuru za keraAbapfuye bazimaUbupfumu1500 kugeza 1899

The umkhovu is the Zulu form of the witch's zombie: a body taken from the grave, revived by magic and kept as a familiar. Its tongue is removed so that it cannot speak. Colonial-era writers recorded the belief in the 1870s, half a century before The Magic Island popularised the Haitian zombi. It belongs to the same family as the zombie beliefs reported from South Africa in the late 20th century.1

Bashyire ku murwano
Yanditswe bwa mbere
1875
Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)
Inkomoko
Zulu
Afurika y'Epfo
Icyayiteye
Ubupfumu
A witch or wizard digs up a corpse and brings it back to life as a familiar.
Uko umuntu ahinduka zombi
A dead person exhumed and revived by a witch.
Ubwenge
Nta bwenge

Yagaragaye bwa mbere ryari?

Isi ya keraIbihe byo hagati1500 kugeza 18991900 kugeza 19671968 kugeza 19992000 kugeza 20092010 kugeza ubu1875

Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)

inyandiko zo ku kibuga

Ibyo amasoko avuga

1

The Zulu word means an exhumed corpse revived as a witch's servant1

2

The witch cuts out its tongue, so that it can only make a wailing sound1

3

English writers of the 19th century rendered the plural as 'Esemkofu'1

4

H. Rider Haggard used them in his Zulu novel Nada (1895), haunting a 'Ghost Mountain'1

5

The Dictionary of South African English records the term from 1875 to 19251

Amasoko

  1. Esemkofu - Dictionary of South African English

Buri kintu kiri kuri iyi paji gikomoka kuri aya masoko, cyanditswe mu magambo yacu. Wabonye ikosa? Tubwire kuri [email protected].

Gaburira igikundi. Nta matangazo, nta bikurikirana, byishyurwa n'umuntu umwe. Agashimwe gatuma bikomeza kuboneka kuri interineti.Tanga agashimwe

Imigani yo mu bihugu bimwe

South African witchcraft zombieSouth African (Tsonga, Sotho, Venda)

Ibihe bimwe: 1500 kugeza 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
Gaburira igikundiTanga agashimwe