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Illustration of Uppvakningur
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
Ifayela No. 441 kwangu-446

Uppvakningur

Ibuye libizwe: uppvakningar, sending, raised dead
Amasiko nezinganekwaneAbangafiIyehlukaUbuthakathi

The uppvakningur is the Icelandic corpse raised by sorcery, as opposed to the dead who walk for their own reasons. The magician has to overpower the body as it climbs from the grave, after which it obeys orders and can be sent to harm or kill an enemy. An accusation of raising a dead man lay behind the first burning for sorcery in Iceland. As a corpse with no will of its own working for a living master, it is the nearest European equivalent of the Haitian zombi.12

Lwa nayo
Imvelaphi
Icelandic
I-Iceland
Okuyibangela
Ubuthakathi
A sorcerer wakes a newly buried corpse and binds it to his service.
Indlela oba ngayo yinye
A cunning man or woman raises a fresh corpse, wrestles it into submission and licks the matter from its face.
Indlela inyakaza ngayo
Iyehluka
Crawls up out of the grave; once mastered it goes where it is sent. Icelandic dead travel only by night.
Ubuhlakani
Ubuhlakani obuthile
Izindawo ezibuthaka
  • 'singing it down' with the right verses
  • cutting off the head and burning the body
  • throwing a ball of yarn into the open grave and holding the thread until it swears not to return
amanothi ensimini

Okushiwo yimithombo

1

Distinguished from the afturganga, who comes back of its own will12

2

Once beaten, the corpse asks what its master wants done12

3

A raised corpse dispatched to kill is called a sending12

4

Jón Rögnvaldsson, the first man burned for sorcery in Iceland, was accused of raising a dead man and sending him against a neighbour's farm12

5

Such dead wear out over time; one is described walking on its knees after its feet had rotted away12

6

Folklorist Björk Bjarnadóttir compares Icelandic ghosts to zombies because they are solid12

Ubungayidlula ngokugijima?

Isigaba sejubane esisuka ekuchazweni yimithombo (iyehluka), hhayi isilinganiso.

Wena, uhamba cishe 5 km/h (3.1 mph)
Wena, ugijima kancane cishe 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Uppvakningur cishe 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Umuntu omdala olungile egijima ngamandla cishe 24 km/h (15 mph)
Umgibeli webhayisikili osheshayo cishe 37 km/h (23 mph)

Imithombo

  1. We asked a folklorist for all the spooky details - The Reykjavík Grapevine
  2. Museum of Icelandic Sorcery and Witchcraft

Wonke amaqiniso kuleli khasi avela kule mithombo, abhalwe ngamazwi ethu. Ubone iphutha? Sitshele ku-[email protected].

Phakela isixuku. Awukho ukukhangisa, awekho abalandeli, kukhokhwa umuntu oyedwa. Ithiphu igcina isayithi isebenza.Shiya ithiphu

Amasiko avela emazweni afanayo

DraugrNorse, 1250GlámrNorse (Icelandic saga), 1300AsvithNorse (Danish chronicle and Icelandic saga), 1200Deacon of MyrkáIcelandic, 1860HaugbúiNorse, 1250HjaðningavígNorse / Germanic

Okufana nalokhu

GhoulArabicPocongJavanese / Indonesian and MalayRo-langsTibetanToyolMalay and IndonesianXiangxi walking corpsesChinese (western Hunan; attributed to Miao sorcery)CondenadoAndean (Peru and Bolivia)
Phakela isixukuShiya ithiphu