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Illustration of Umkhovu
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Umkhovu

También llamado: imikhovu, esemkofu, esimkovu

The umkhovu is the Zulu form of the witch's zombie: a body taken from the grave, revived by magic and kept as a familiar. Its tongue is removed so that it cannot speak. Colonial-era writers recorded the belief in the 1870s, half a century before The Magic Island popularised the Haitian zombi. It belongs to the same family as the zombie beliefs reported from South Africa in the late 20th century.1

Combatirlo
Primer registro
1875
Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)
Origen
Zulu
Sudáfrica
Qué lo causa
Brujería
A witch or wizard digs up a corpse and brings it back to life as a familiar.
Cómo te conviertes en uno
A dead person exhumed and revived by a witch.
Inteligencia
Sin cerebro

¿Cuándo apareció por primera vez?

Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)

notas de campo

Qué dicen las fuentes

1

The Zulu word means an exhumed corpse revived as a witch's servant1

2

The witch cuts out its tongue, so that it can only make a wailing sound1

3

English writers of the 19th century rendered the plural as 'Esemkofu'1

4

H. Rider Haggard used them in his Zulu novel Nada (1895), haunting a 'Ghost Mountain'1

5

The Dictionary of South African English records the term from 1875 to 19251

Fuentes

  1. Esemkofu - Dictionary of South African English

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Misma época: De 1500 a 1899

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