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Illustration of Umkhovu
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
Ficha n.º 057 de 446

Umkhovu

Também chamado: imikhovu, esemkofu, esimkovu
Folclore e mitosMorto-vivoFeitiçariaDe 1500 a 1899

The umkhovu is the Zulu form of the witch's zombie: a body taken from the grave, revived by magic and kept as a familiar. Its tongue is removed so that it cannot speak. Colonial-era writers recorded the belief in the 1870s, half a century before The Magic Island popularised the Haitian zombi. It belongs to the same family as the zombie beliefs reported from South Africa in the late 20th century.1

Combatê-lo
Primeiro registo
1875
Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)
Origem
Zulu
África do Sul
O que o causa
Feitiçaria
A witch or wizard digs up a corpse and brings it back to life as a familiar.
Como te tornas um
A dead person exhumed and revived by a witch.
Inteligência
Sem cérebro

Quando apareceu pela primeira vez?

Mundo antigoIdade MédiaDe 1500 a 1899De 1900 a 1967De 1968 a 1999De 2000 a 2009De 2010 até hoje1875

Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)

notas de campo

O que dizem as fontes

1

The Zulu word means an exhumed corpse revived as a witch's servant1

2

The witch cuts out its tongue, so that it can only make a wailing sound1

3

English writers of the 19th century rendered the plural as 'Esemkofu'1

4

H. Rider Haggard used them in his Zulu novel Nada (1895), haunting a 'Ghost Mountain'1

5

The Dictionary of South African English records the term from 1875 to 19251

Fontes

  1. Esemkofu - Dictionary of South African English

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Folclore das mesmas terras

South African witchcraft zombieSouth African (Tsonga, Sotho, Venda)

Mesma época: De 1500 a 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
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