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Illustration of Umkhovu
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
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Umkhovu

Também chamado de: imikhovu, esemkofu, esimkovu
Folclore e mitoMorto-vivoFeitiçaria1500 a 1899

The umkhovu is the Zulu form of the witch's zombie: a body taken from the grave, revived by magic and kept as a familiar. Its tongue is removed so that it cannot speak. Colonial-era writers recorded the belief in the 1870s, half a century before The Magic Island popularised the Haitian zombi. It belongs to the same family as the zombie beliefs reported from South Africa in the late 20th century.1

Enfrentar
Primeiro registro
1875
Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)
Origem
Zulu
África do Sul
O que causa
Feitiçaria
A witch or wizard digs up a corpse and brings it back to life as a familiar.
Como você vira um
A dead person exhumed and revived by a witch.
Inteligência
Sem cérebro

Quando apareceu pela primeira vez?

Mundo antigo
Idade Média
1500 a 1899
1900 a 1967
1968 a 1999
2000 a 2009
2010 até hoje
1875

Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)

notas de campo

O que dizem as fontes

1

The Zulu word means an exhumed corpse revived as a witch's servant1

2

The witch cuts out its tongue, so that it can only make a wailing sound1

3

English writers of the 19th century rendered the plural as 'Esemkofu'1

4

H. Rider Haggard used them in his Zulu novel Nada (1895), haunting a 'Ghost Mountain'1

5

The Dictionary of South African English records the term from 1875 to 19251

Fontes

  1. Esemkofu - Dictionary of South African English

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Folclore das mesmas terras

South African witchcraft zombieSouth African (Tsonga, Sotho, Venda)

Mesma época: 1500 a 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732