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Illustration of Umkhovu
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Umkhovu

Detto anche: imikhovu, esemkofu, esimkovu

The umkhovu is the Zulu form of the witch's zombie: a body taken from the grave, revived by magic and kept as a familiar. Its tongue is removed so that it cannot speak. Colonial-era writers recorded the belief in the 1870s, half a century before The Magic Island popularised the Haitian zombi. It belongs to the same family as the zombie beliefs reported from South Africa in the late 20th century.1

Combatterlo
Prima attestazione
1875
Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)
Origine
Zulu
Sudafrica
Cosa lo causa
Stregoneria
A witch or wizard digs up a corpse and brings it back to life as a familiar.
Come lo si diventa
A dead person exhumed and revived by a witch.
Intelligenza
Senza cervello

Quando è comparso per la prima volta?

Mondo antico
Medioevo
Dal 1500 al 1899
Dal 1900 al 1967
Dal 1968 al 1999
Dal 2000 al 2009
Dal 2010 a oggi
1875

Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)

appunti sul campo

Cosa dicono le fonti

1

The Zulu word means an exhumed corpse revived as a witch's servant1

2

The witch cuts out its tongue, so that it can only make a wailing sound1

3

English writers of the 19th century rendered the plural as 'Esemkofu'1

4

H. Rider Haggard used them in his Zulu novel Nada (1895), haunting a 'Ghost Mountain'1

5

The Dictionary of South African English records the term from 1875 to 19251

Fonti

  1. Esemkofu - Dictionary of South African English

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Folklore delle stesse terre

Stessa epoca: Dal 1500 al 1899