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Skrá nr. 057 af 446

Umkhovu

Einnig kallaður: imikhovu, esemkofu, esimkovu

The umkhovu is the Zulu form of the witch's zombie: a body taken from the grave, revived by magic and kept as a familiar. Its tongue is removed so that it cannot speak. Colonial-era writers recorded the belief in the 1870s, half a century before The Magic Island popularised the Haitian zombi. It belongs to the same family as the zombie beliefs reported from South Africa in the late 20th century.1

Berjast við hann
Fyrst skráður
1875
Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)
Uppruni
Zulu
Suður-Afríka
Hvað veldur því
Galdrar
A witch or wizard digs up a corpse and brings it back to life as a familiar.
Hvernig maður verður einn
A dead person exhumed and revived by a witch.
Greind
Heilalaus

Hvenær kom hann fyrst fram?

Fornöld
Miðaldir
1500 til 1899
1900 til 1967
1968 til 1999
2000 til 2009
2010 til dagsins í dag
1875

Described in D. Leslie's Among the Zulus (1875)

vettvangsglósur

Hvað heimildir segja

1

The Zulu word means an exhumed corpse revived as a witch's servant1

2

The witch cuts out its tongue, so that it can only make a wailing sound1

3

English writers of the 19th century rendered the plural as 'Esemkofu'1

4

H. Rider Haggard used them in his Zulu novel Nada (1895), haunting a 'Ghost Mountain'1

5

The Dictionary of South African English records the term from 1875 to 19251

Heimildir

  1. Esemkofu - Dictionary of South African English

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Sama tímabil: 1500 til 1899