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Illustration of Lithuanian returning dead
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Lithuanian returning dead

يُعرف أيضًا باسم: sugrįžtantys numirėliai, numirėlis, walking dead of Lithuania

Lithuania kept a strong tradition of the dangerous dead long after its conversion to Christianity. Cemeteries of the 14th to 17th centuries contain bodies deliberately beheaded, dismembered or turned face down, which archaeologists connect with fear of corpses returning. Lithuanian legends collected in modern times still describe meetings with the 'walking dead', usually brought on by disrespect for a grave. The material and the stories together give a Baltic counterpart to the revenant evidence from England and Poland.12

قاتله
أول تسجيل
1350
Deviant burials of the 14th-17th centuries; legends recorded by modern folklorists
الأصل
Lithuanian
ليتوانيا
ما الذي يسببه
موت أو دفن سيّئ
Folklore names the untimely dead and the very sinful as those who return; the legends add that the living provoke them by disturbing remains or grave goods.
كيف تصبح واحدًا منهم
An unexpected or wrongful death, a sinful life, or interference with the grave.
الذكاء
قدر من الذكاء
نقاط الضعف
  • decapitation of the exhumed corpse
  • burial face down or on the side
  • physical force
  • the intervention of a priest

متى ظهر لأول مرة؟

العالم القديم
العصور الوسطى
من 1500 إلى 1899
من 1900 إلى 1967
من 1968 إلى 1999
من 2000 إلى 2009
من 2010 إلى اليوم
1350

Deviant burials of the 14th-17th centuries; legends recorded by modern folklorists

ملاحظات ميدانية

ماذا تقول المصادر

1

Archaeologist Gintautas Vėlius documented headless, limbless and prone burials in Christian-era Lithuanian cemeteries12

2

He interprets posthumous beheading as exhumation carried out from fear of the returning dead12

3

Many prone male burials contain weapons, suggesting men killed in battle12

4

In legends analysed by Edita Korzonaitė, short tales end with the living person's death and longer ones with a narrow escape12

5

Priests in the legends sometimes use methods with no obvious Christian basis12

العصر نفسه: العصور الوسطى