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Illustration of Kodukäija
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
ፋይል ቁጥር 054 ከ 446

Kodukäija

በሌላ ስም: kodukäijad, home-wanderer, Estonian revenant
ባሕላዊ ታሪክና አፈ ታሪክሙትይለያያልመጥፎ ሞት ወይም መቃብርከ1500 እስከ 1899

The kodukäija is the restless dead of Estonian folk belief, a deceased person who returns to the farm outside the sanctioned autumn 'time of souls'. It ranges from a worried parent checking on children to a hostile corpse that wrestles travellers by moonlight and kills livestock. Estonian funerals carried a whole apparatus against it, from sweeping away the mourners' footprints to burying the body face down. It is the Baltic-Finnic counterpart of the Scandinavian gjenganger and the German Wiedergänger, and it remained a living belief into the 20th century.12

ተዋጉት
መጀመሪያ የተመዘገበው
1860
Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older
መነሻ
Estonian
ኢስቶኒያ
ምን እንደሚያመጣው
መጥፎ ሞት ወይም መቃብር
Folklorist Eha Viluoja traces most returns to a flaw in the passage out of life: a violent or lonely death, a botched or missing funeral, or the dead person's last wishes being ignored.
እንዴት አንዱ እንደሚሆኑ
Spiteful people, suspected witches, misers, the murdered, and anyone buried carelessly or mourned too hard were expected to 'walk home'.
እንዴት እንደሚንቀሳቀስ
ይለያያል
Usually walks, with a normal or a bobbing gait, in its own likeness or grave clothes; it can also come as a dog, cat or other animal, or as a moving haystack, sack or whirlwind.
ብልህነት
ትንሽ ብልህነት
ደካማ ነጥቦች
  • wolves, which were held to be as deadly to it as lightning
  • a beating with a rowan or juniper stick or a nine-knotted whip
  • a silver bullet or quicksilver
  • crosses, knives, salt or flax seed at thresholds and gates
  • binding or crippling the corpse, or burying it face down
  • a cock's crow, which halts it for the night

መቼ ነው መጀመሪያ የታየው?

ጥንታዊ ዓለምመካከለኛው ዘመንከ1500 እስከ 1899ከ1900 እስከ 1967ከ1968 እስከ 1999ከ2000 እስከ 2009ከ2010 እስከ ዛሬ1860

Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older

የመስክ ማስታወሻዎች

ምንጮቹ የሚሉት

1

The name means 'home-walker': a dead person who comes home at the wrong time12

2

It is cold to the touch and can pinch, strike, scratch or try to strangle12

3

It lets cattle loose, rumbles in the loft and imitates the sounds of work12

4

Dogs with spots over the eyes ('four-eyed' dogs) can see it12

5

The Estonian Folklore Archives hold about 3,600 records of it, seven times more than for the ordinary autumn visit of ancestral souls12

6

Viluoja notes that blood-drinking, vampire-type dead are not part of the Estonian tradition12

ልታመልጡት ትችሉ ነበር?

ምንጮቹ በሚገልጹት መሠረት የፍጥነት ክፍል (ይለያያል)፣ መለኪያ አይደለም።

እርስዎ፣ ሲራመዱ ወደ 5 km/h (3.1 mph)
እርስዎ፣ ሲሮጡ ወደ 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Kodukäija ወደ 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
የሚሮጥ ጤናማ ጎልማሳ ወደ 24 km/h (15 mph)
ፈጣን ብስክሌተኛ ወደ 37 km/h (23 mph)

ምንጮች

  1. Eha Viluoja, 'Manifestations of the Revenant in Estonian Folk Tradition', Folklore 2
  2. Eha Viluoja, 'Relations Between the Living and the Dead in Estonian Folk Religion', Folklore 4

በዚህ ገጽ ላይ ያለው እያንዳንዱ እውነታ ከእነዚህ ምንጮች የመጣ ሲሆን በራሳችን ቃላት ተጽፏል። ስህተት አገኙ? በ [email protected] ይንገሩን።

መንጋውን መግቡ። ማስታወቂያ የለም፣ መከታተያ የለም፣ የሚከፍለው አንድ ሰው ነው። ጉርሻ ጣቢያውን ክፍት ያደርገዋል።ጉርሻ ተዉ

ተመሳሳይ ዘመን፦ ከ1500 እስከ 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
መንጋውን መግቡጉርሻ ተዉ