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Illustration of Kodukäija
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Kodukäija

Также известен как: kodukäijad, home-wanderer, Estonian revenant
Фольклор и мифыНежитьПо-разномуДурная смерть или похороны1500–1899

The kodukäija is the restless dead of Estonian folk belief, a deceased person who returns to the farm outside the sanctioned autumn 'time of souls'. It ranges from a worried parent checking on children to a hostile corpse that wrestles travellers by moonlight and kills livestock. Estonian funerals carried a whole apparatus against it, from sweeping away the mourners' footprints to burying the body face down. It is the Baltic-Finnic counterpart of the Scandinavian gjenganger and the German Wiedergänger, and it remained a living belief into the 20th century.12

Сразиться с ним
Первое упоминание
1860
Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older
Происхождение
Estonian
Эстония
Что его вызывает
Дурная смерть или похороны
Folklorist Eha Viluoja traces most returns to a flaw in the passage out of life: a violent or lonely death, a botched or missing funeral, or the dead person's last wishes being ignored.
Как им становятся
Spiteful people, suspected witches, misers, the murdered, and anyone buried carelessly or mourned too hard were expected to 'walk home'.
Как он двигается
По-разному
Usually walks, with a normal or a bobbing gait, in its own likeness or grave clothes; it can also come as a dog, cat or other animal, or as a moving haystack, sack or whirlwind.
Интеллект
Немного ума
Слабые места
  • wolves, which were held to be as deadly to it as lightning
  • a beating with a rowan or juniper stick or a nine-knotted whip
  • a silver bullet or quicksilver
  • crosses, knives, salt or flax seed at thresholds and gates
  • binding or crippling the corpse, or burying it face down
  • a cock's crow, which halts it for the night

Когда он впервые появился?

Древний мир
Средневековье
1500–1899
1900–1967
1968–1999
2000–2009
2010 – наше время
1860

Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older

полевые заметки

Что говорят источники

1

The name means 'home-walker': a dead person who comes home at the wrong time12

2

It is cold to the touch and can pinch, strike, scratch or try to strangle12

3

It lets cattle loose, rumbles in the loft and imitates the sounds of work12

4

Dogs with spots over the eyes ('four-eyed' dogs) can see it12

5

The Estonian Folklore Archives hold about 3,600 records of it, seven times more than for the ordinary autumn visit of ancestral souls12

6

Viluoja notes that blood-drinking, vampire-type dead are not part of the Estonian tradition12

Смогли бы вы убежать?

Класс скорости определён по описаниям в источниках (по-разному), а не по измерениям.

Вы, идущий шагом около 5 km/h (3.1 mph)
Вы, бегущий трусцой около 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Kodukäija около 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Подготовленный взрослый в спринте около 24 km/h (15 mph)
Быстрый велосипедист около 37 km/h (23 mph)

Источники

  1. Eha Viluoja, 'Manifestations of the Revenant in Estonian Folk Tradition', Folklore 2
  2. Eha Viluoja, 'Relations Between the Living and the Dead in Estonian Folk Religion', Folklore 4

Каждый факт на этой странице взят из этих источников и изложен нашими словами. Нашли ошибку? Напишите нам: [email protected].

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Та же эпоха: 1500–1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732