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Illustration of Kodukäija
Original AI-made illustration based on the descriptions in the sources. Not an official design.
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Kodukäija

يُعرف أيضًا باسم: kodukäijad, home-wanderer, Estonian revenant
الفولكلور والأساطيرغير حيمتفاوتموت أو دفن سيّئمن 1500 إلى 1899

The kodukäija is the restless dead of Estonian folk belief, a deceased person who returns to the farm outside the sanctioned autumn 'time of souls'. It ranges from a worried parent checking on children to a hostile corpse that wrestles travellers by moonlight and kills livestock. Estonian funerals carried a whole apparatus against it, from sweeping away the mourners' footprints to burying the body face down. It is the Baltic-Finnic counterpart of the Scandinavian gjenganger and the German Wiedergänger, and it remained a living belief into the 20th century.12

قاتله
أول تسجيل
1860
Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older
الأصل
Estonian
إستونيا
ما الذي يسببه
موت أو دفن سيّئ
Folklorist Eha Viluoja traces most returns to a flaw in the passage out of life: a violent or lonely death, a botched or missing funeral, or the dead person's last wishes being ignored.
كيف تصبح واحدًا منهم
Spiteful people, suspected witches, misers, the murdered, and anyone buried carelessly or mourned too hard were expected to 'walk home'.
كيف يتحرك
متفاوت
Usually walks, with a normal or a bobbing gait, in its own likeness or grave clothes; it can also come as a dog, cat or other animal, or as a moving haystack, sack or whirlwind.
الذكاء
قدر من الذكاء
نقاط الضعف
  • wolves, which were held to be as deadly to it as lightning
  • a beating with a rowan or juniper stick or a nine-knotted whip
  • a silver bullet or quicksilver
  • crosses, knives, salt or flax seed at thresholds and gates
  • binding or crippling the corpse, or burying it face down
  • a cock's crow, which halts it for the night

متى ظهر لأول مرة؟

العالم القديمالعصور الوسطىمن 1500 إلى 1899من 1900 إلى 1967من 1968 إلى 1999من 2000 إلى 2009من 2010 إلى اليوم1860

Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older

ملاحظات ميدانية

ماذا تقول المصادر

1

The name means 'home-walker': a dead person who comes home at the wrong time12

2

It is cold to the touch and can pinch, strike, scratch or try to strangle12

3

It lets cattle loose, rumbles in the loft and imitates the sounds of work12

4

Dogs with spots over the eyes ('four-eyed' dogs) can see it12

5

The Estonian Folklore Archives hold about 3,600 records of it, seven times more than for the ordinary autumn visit of ancestral souls12

6

Viluoja notes that blood-drinking, vampire-type dead are not part of the Estonian tradition12

هل كنت ستتفوق عليه في الركض؟

فئة السرعة مستندة إلى وصف المصادر (متفاوت)، وليست قياسًا.

أنت تمشي نحو 5 km/h (3.1 mph)
أنت تهرول نحو 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Kodukäija نحو 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
بالغ لائق يعدو بأقصى سرعته نحو 24 km/h (15 mph)
دراج سريع نحو 37 km/h (23 mph)

المصادر

  1. Eha Viluoja, 'Manifestations of the Revenant in Estonian Folk Tradition', Folklore 2
  2. Eha Viluoja, 'Relations Between the Living and the Dead in Estonian Folk Religion', Folklore 4

كل معلومة في هذه الصفحة مأخوذة من هذه المصادر ومكتوبة بكلماتنا. لاحظت خطأ؟ راسلنا على [email protected].

أطعم الحشد. بلا إعلانات، بلا متتبعات، يموّله شخص واحد. الإكرامية تُبقي الموقع يعمل.اترك إكرامية

العصر نفسه: من 1500 إلى 1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
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