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Illustration of Kodukäija
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Kodukäija

Znan tudi kot: kodukäijad, home-wanderer, Estonian revenant
Folklora in mitiNemrtevRazličnoSlaba smrt ali pogreb1500–1899

The kodukäija is the restless dead of Estonian folk belief, a deceased person who returns to the farm outside the sanctioned autumn 'time of souls'. It ranges from a worried parent checking on children to a hostile corpse that wrestles travellers by moonlight and kills livestock. Estonian funerals carried a whole apparatus against it, from sweeping away the mourners' footprints to burying the body face down. It is the Baltic-Finnic counterpart of the Scandinavian gjenganger and the German Wiedergänger, and it remained a living belief into the 20th century.12

Spopadi se z njim
Prvi zapis
1860
Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older
Izvor
Estonian
Estonija
Kaj ga povzroča
Slaba smrt ali pogreb
Folklorist Eha Viluoja traces most returns to a flaw in the passage out of life: a violent or lonely death, a botched or missing funeral, or the dead person's last wishes being ignored.
Kako postaneš eden od njih
Spiteful people, suspected witches, misers, the murdered, and anyone buried carelessly or mourned too hard were expected to 'walk home'.
Kako se premika
Različno
Usually walks, with a normal or a bobbing gait, in its own likeness or grave clothes; it can also come as a dog, cat or other animal, or as a moving haystack, sack or whirlwind.
Inteligenca
Nekaj inteligence
Šibke točke
  • wolves, which were held to be as deadly to it as lightning
  • a beating with a rowan or juniper stick or a nine-knotted whip
  • a silver bullet or quicksilver
  • crosses, knives, salt or flax seed at thresholds and gates
  • binding or crippling the corpse, or burying it face down
  • a cock's crow, which halts it for the night

Kdaj se je prvič pojavil?

Antični svet
Srednji vek
1500–1899
1900–1967
1968–1999
2000–2009
2010 do danes
1860

Systematic records begin with Jakob Hurt's folklore collection (1860-1906); the belief itself is older

terenski zapiski

Kaj pravijo viri

1

The name means 'home-walker': a dead person who comes home at the wrong time12

2

It is cold to the touch and can pinch, strike, scratch or try to strangle12

3

It lets cattle loose, rumbles in the loft and imitates the sounds of work12

4

Dogs with spots over the eyes ('four-eyed' dogs) can see it12

5

The Estonian Folklore Archives hold about 3,600 records of it, seven times more than for the ordinary autumn visit of ancestral souls12

6

Viluoja notes that blood-drinking, vampire-type dead are not part of the Estonian tradition12

Bi mu ušel?

Razred hitrosti po opisu v virih (različno), ne meritev.

Ti, med hojo okoli 5 km/h (3.1 mph)
Ti, med tekom okoli 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Kodukäija okoli 10 km/h (6.2 mph)
Odrasel v formi v šprintu okoli 24 km/h (15 mph)
Hiter kolesar okoli 37 km/h (23 mph)

Viri

  1. Eha Viluoja, 'Manifestations of the Revenant in Estonian Folk Tradition', Folklore 2
  2. Eha Viluoja, 'Relations Between the Living and the Dead in Estonian Folk Religion', Folklore 4

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Ista doba: 1500–1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732